Papers

The Q&A has been updated here. On January 31, 2022, the federal government's gross debt exceeded $30 trillion for the first time. This mark serves as...

Last month, the federal government ran a surplus of $119 billion, the first monthly surplus since September 2019. The Fiscal Year 2022 deficit is...

On February 18, 2022, the current continuing resolution will expire, and legislation will be needed to continue funding the federal government...

Policymakers are apparently now targeting $1.5 trillion to $2.3 trillion of gross spending increases and tax cuts for their Build Back Better...

Note: We have published a chartbook to accompany this paper. Policymakers are apparently now targeting $1.5 trillion to $2.3 trillion of gross...

This paper has been updated here. The new fiscal year (FY) will begin on October 1, 2021, and Congress has so far enacted none of the 12...

Today, the Social Security and Medicare Trustees released their annual reports on the long-term financial state of the Social Security and Medicare...

The Social Security and Medicare Trustees released their annual reports on the long-term financial state of those programs. The reports are the first...

This paper has been updated here. The federal debt ceiling will be reinstated on August 1, 2021, at around $28.5 trillion. At that point, the Treasury...

Medicare Part B, which covers outpatient physician services, pays for physician-administered drugs by reimbursing physicians the average cost for each...

To encourage medical innovation, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) grants temporary market exclusivities to new brand name drugs. These...

Congress and the Administration are currently negotiating and developing legislation to invest in physical infrastructure, education, and other areas...